Chaeles anthony bubghabdt



Warren STATES Parana @rrrcs.

CHARLES ANTHONY BURGHARDT, OF MANCHESTER, COUNTY OF LANCASTER,

ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FQR CONDENSING NAPHTHA AND OTHER VAPCRS.

$PECIF1CATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 309,027, dated December9, 1884-.

Application filed March 18, 1884. (No model.) Patented in England July5, 1683, .No. 3,335; in France January .253, 1884, No. 159,899; inBelgium January 24, 1884, No. 63,941; in Germany January 24, 1884, No.29,155, and in Austria January 28, 1884, No. 6,412.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Onanrns ANTHONY BURGHARDT, a subject of the Queen ofGreat Britain and Ireland, and residing at Manchestcr, county ofLancaster, doctor of philosophy and analytical chemist, have invented anImproved Apparatus for Condensing N aphtha and other Vapors, (for whichI have obtained a patent in Great Britain, No. 3,335, July 5, 1883,) ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the condensers for use in the recovery ofnaphtha or benzole or other volatile solvent which is evolved in theform of vapor during the manufacture of india-rubber goods, and forother uses.

My improved condenser, or each section of the same, consists of achamber which is divided into a number of compartments by means ofpartitions, each consisting of a number of sheets of wire-gauze, or ofthin finely-perforated plates. The said shell is made in sections, andthe sheets of gauze are larger than the area of each section, so thatthe edges of the said sheets project all round or on all sides into thewater or cooling-fluid with whichthe condenser is surrounded.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical section ofa condenser. Fig. 2 represents a condenser having three sections. Fig. 3illustrates a form of condenser suitable for use in fractionaldistillation.

In Fig. 1, a a are short cylindrical shells, which are united togetherby means of partitions 6 b, composed of wire-gauze. The said shells maybe maddof copper, zinc, tinned plate, or other suitable metal or alloy;but I prefer that the partitions b I) shall be of copper gauze. In caseswherein the vapors to be condensed would have a destructive action uponcertain metals I select the metal which will best withstand such action,or I coat the exposed surfaces therewith-us, for example, in some casesI nickel-plate the partitions and the inner surfaces of the shells. Eachpartition is composed of several sheets of wiregauze, and I prefer thatthe lower partitions shall contain more sheets than the upper. I11 theexample the lowest partition might consist of ten sheets, the next ofeight, and so on, decreasing in number toward the top of the condenser.I do not, however, confine myself to any number of sheets in apartition, nor to varying the numbers, as such numbers will de pend to agreat extent upon the number of partitions, and in some casesa partitionor each partition might have only two sheets or might be a single sheet,the number of partitions being increased. The number ofpartitions may beless than the indications in the drawings. The sheets of gauze arecarefully soldered or brazed to the edges of the cylindrical shells a,and to each other at the circles of contact in line with the shells, sothat water and vapor tight joints are obtained; or cementing or anysuitable means are adopted to obtain the same result. The condenser iswholly or partly immersed in water or cooling-iluid contained in asuitable cistern, 0, and the outer edges of the partitions b project allaround the condenser some distance into the body of the water. The vaporto be condensed is conveyed through a pipe, (Z, into the lowestcompartment of the condenser. The air and uncondensed vapor aredischarged from the upper COIDPiLllJlTlBDlJ of the condenser through apipe, 6. The con- 7 5 densed solvent or other fluid is conveyed by meansof a pipe, f, into a suitable cistern, 9,

or is otherwise conveyed away from the lowest compartment. In theexample a second pipe,

h, connects the cistern with the bottom compartment, in order that anyVapor collecting in the upper part of the cistern may be conveyed intothe condenser; but this pipe might be dispensed with.

I do not confine myself to the cylindrical S 5 formation of the shell ofthe condenser, as it may be of any other suitable fornr-such, forexample, as oval or rectangularand in large condensers it would beadvisable to make each section of a long and "narrow form. in plan in 0place of increasing the diameter of the sectionsas, for example, eachsection might be three to six inches in width and one foot or two ormore feet in length. The power of the condenser may also be increased byemploying two, three, or more condensers, the stream of vapor beingdivided among them. In some cases I should combine together two or morecondensers in such a manner as that the uncondensed vapor leaving onecondenser would IOO illustrates such an arrangement. In this ex- T amplethree condensers are connected together by means of pipes or passages,so that any va- 5 por leaving the first condenser isvconveyed into asecond, and any vapor leaving the second is conveyed intoa thirdcondenser. The pipe f, which conveys away the condensed naphtha orfluid, is connected with the bottom compartment of each condenser; oreach condenser may be provided with a separate pipe, so that a purerfluid may be obtained from the third condenser than the fluid issuingfrom the first or second. The partitions b may be vertical or inclined,instead of being in the hori- Zontal positions shown in Figs. land 2.

Fig. 3 illustrates a condenser having vertical partitions, this form ofcondenser being suitable for use in fractional distillation. In

' this example the partitions and compartments of the condensers arevertical, and the said compartments are arranged 'in three groups, eachgroup being connected with a separate discharge-pipe, so that theproduct of condensation may be obtained in three strengths or qualitiesof purity.

, Other modifications may bemade in the several forms of the condenserso long as the gauze partitions extending into the cooling-liquidoutside the condenser are retained.

Finely-perforated plates may be substituted for the wire-gauze.

I claim- 1. A condenser or section of a condenser for use in therecovery of indiarubber solvents and for other uses, divided intocompartments by means of partitions of Wire-gauze or perforated platesextending through the shell or walls of the condenser into the body ofcoolingliquid outside the condenser, substantially as set forth.

2. A condenser composed of sections or shells a,united together by meansof partitions b,each composed of two,three,or more sheets of wiregauzelarger than the said sections or shells, so that the said partitionsextend into the surrounding water, substantially as set forth.

8. A condenser suitable for use in fractional distillation, divided intocompartments by .means of vertical or inclined wire-gauze orfinely-perforated partitions extending through the shell ofthe condenserinto the cooling-fluid, each compartment or group of compartments havinga separate outlet-pipe for the products of condensation.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES A. nunerrnnnr.

Witnesses:

DAVID FULTON, ROBERT Fnos'r.

